A new law passed in Parliament will require migrants to prove strong English skills before earning UK citizenship, as the Home Secretary says it’s time everyone “plays their part.”

Under the updated immigration rules, anyone applying for British citizenship through specific legal routes will now need to meet an A-Level equivalent standard in speaking, listening, reading, and writing. The requirement must be demonstrated through the Secure English Language Test, a formal, government-approved exam.

The new law marks one of the most significant changes to the citizenship process in recent years and is expected to affect thousands of applicants annually.

Supporters of the move say it will promote integration and ensure that people settling in Britain are equipped to contribute to society. Critics, however, argue it risks shutting out otherwise qualified individuals who struggle with language barriers, despite having lived and worked in the country for years.

Home Secretary Shabana Mahmood announced the change, calling it a vital step toward strengthening national identity and communication. In a statement, she said:

“It is unacceptable for migrants to come here without learning our language, unable to contribute to our national life. If you come to this country, you must learn our language and play your part.”

The new standard is a major step up from the previous requirement, which only asked applicants to prove a basic understanding of English — similar to what would be expected of a teenager finishing secondary school. Now, prospective citizens must demonstrate a level of fluency closer to someone completing advanced education.

Officials say the change aims to create a “shared sense of belonging” and ensure that those who become citizens can participate fully in British life — from finding employment and accessing services to engaging in community activities.

For many, this new law signals a tougher stance on immigration under the current government, which has faced pressure to balance stricter border control with integration efforts. Mahmood, who has repeatedly emphasised the importance of unity, said the government wants to “remove barriers that divide people” by ensuring everyone shares a common language.

The policy has divided opinion. Supporters argue that English proficiency is essential for building stronger communities and improving employment prospects.

“It is not about exclusion,” one senior Home Office source said. “It is about empowerment. People who can speak and understand English have more opportunities and confidence to participate in everyday life.”

Others, however, argue that the new rule could unfairly affect individuals who have lived in the UK for years but have limited access to language education. Migrant advocacy groups have warned that not everyone has the same opportunity to learn English — especially those working long hours, caring for children, or facing financial hardship.

They also raised concerns that the cost of the official test could create an additional barrier for low-income applicants.

Experts predict that language schools and testing centres will see a sharp rise in demand as migrants rush to meet the new standards. Some have urged the government to increase funding for English language courses to ensure applicants are not left behind.

Despite the backlash, Mahmood stood by the decision, insisting that learning English is “not only a requirement but a responsibility.” She added that the ability to communicate clearly in English would help newcomers find better jobs, integrate faster, and connect more easily with local communities.

The law is set to come into effect early next year, with transitional arrangements expected for those who have already started their citizenship applications. Officials said further guidance will be released in the coming weeks to clarify how the new testing process will work and what exemptions, if any, may apply.

For now, the message from the government is clear: those hoping to become British citizens must prove they can speak, read, and write the language of the country they wish to call home.

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